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[Cardiovascular risk assessment among patients with hypertension based on SCORE2 and SCORE-OP algorithms in black
Insights
Hypertension significantly impacts cardiovascular risk. New European Society of Cardiology algorithms (SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP) show improved risk stratification after 6 months of treatment in hypertensive patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Preventive Medicine
- Public Health
Context:
- Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular events.
- Cardiovascular risk assessment relies on algorithms like SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP.
- European Society of Cardiology guidelines emphasize risk stratification.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP algorithms in assessing cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients.
- To compare initial and 6-month cardiovascular risk stratification.
- To analyze epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic data in a cohort of hypertensive patients.
Summary:
- A 6-month prospective study of 410 hypertensive patients revealed a severe initial cardiovascular risk profile, with nearly 95% classified as high or very high risk.
- After treatment, a significant reduction in very high-risk patients (from 46.3% to 6.8%) and an increase in low to moderate-risk patients (to 49.5%) were observed.
- Dyslipidemia was the most common comorbidity, affecting 45.4% of patients.
Impact:
- The study highlights a significant cardiovascular risk profile in a younger hypertensive population in Abidjan.
- Implementation of SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP algorithms can guide more aggressive management strategies.
- Enhanced risk stratification may improve hypertension and associated risk factor prevention.
Background:
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. The cardiovascular risk assessment is performed using specific algorithms, particularly SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP developed by the European Society of Cardiology.
Patients And Methods:
Prospective cohort study from February 1, 2022, to July 31, 2022, enrolling 410 hypertensive patients. Epidemiological, paraclinical, therapeutic, and follow-up data were analyzed. Cardiovascular risk stratification of patients was performed using SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP algorithms. We compared the initial and 6-month cardiovascular risks.
Results:
The mean age of the patients was 60.88 ± 12.35 years with a female predominance (sex ratio = 0.66). In addition to hypertension, dyslipidemia (45.4%) was the most frequently associated risk factor. A high proportion of patients were classified as high (48.6%) and very high (46.3%) cardiovascular risk, with a significant difference between men and women. Reassessment of cardiovascular risk after 6 months of treatment found significant differences compared with the initial cardiovascular risk (p < 0.001). The rate of patients at low to moderate cardiovascular risk (49.5%) increased substantially, whereas the proportion of patients at very high risk decreased (6.8%).
Conclusion:
Our study conducted at Abidjan Heart Institute in a young population of patients with hypertension revealed a severe cardiovascular risk profile. Almost half of the patients are classified at very high cardiovascular risk, based on the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. The widespread use of these new algorithms for risk stratification should lead to more aggressive management and prevention strategies for hypertension and associated risk factors.
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