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Green Algae

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

Red Algae

Red Algae

Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...

Overview of Algae

Overview of Algae

The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...

Other Algae

Other Algae

The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...

Bioremediation

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

Primary Production

Primary Production

The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 30, 2025

A Standardized Procedure for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms in Chile by Metabarcoding Analysis

A Standardized Procedure for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms in Chile by Metabarcoding Analysis

Published on: August 26, 2021

Algal Bloom Ties: Spreading Network Inference and Extreme Eco-Environmental Feedback.

Haojiong Wang¹, Elroy Galbraith¹, Matteo Convertino^2,3

¹Laboratory of Information Communication Networks, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 16, 2023

Summary

Algal blooms in Florida Bay are becoming more persistent, negatively impacting water quality and ecosystem stability. Understanding these bloom dynamics is crucial for effective ecological monitoring and control strategies.

Keywords:

Florida Bay biogeochemical networks bloom prediction predictive causality spatial network inference

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Last Updated: Jul 30, 2025

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Published on: August 14, 2020

Area of Science:

Marine ecology
Ecosystem dynamics
Environmental science

Background:

Coastal ecosystems face increasing threats from altered tides and pollution, leading to frequent algal blooms.
Persistent algal blooms disrupt ecological processes like carbon cycling and pose risks to biodiversity.
Investigating bloom dynamics is challenging due to data limitations and the need for model-free approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze algal bloom occurrence in Florida Bay using spatial networks, water quality fluctuations, and network co-evolution.
To infer eco-environmental interactions and quantify ecosystem stability related to bloom emergence and spread.
To identify critical areas for monitoring and control of algal blooms.

Main Methods:

Analysis of spatial spreading networks of chlorophyll-a (CHLa) to identify bloom sources.
Assessment of water quality factors (temperature, turbidity, salinity) pre- and post-bloom.
Application of transfer entropy (TE) difference to model eco-environmental interactions (ecosystem connectome).
Utilizing a Pareto principle to identify key interactions driving bloom dynamics.

Main Results:

Algal blooms exhibit increasing spatial persistence, negatively affecting water quality and local temperature.
Randomization of ecological corridors due to nutrient overload and warming leads to scale-free CHLa spreading and extreme outbreaks.
Bloom outbreaks increase turbidity and salinity, impacting vulnerable habitats and altering carbon flux.

Conclusions:

The probabilistic distribution of CHLa indicates endemic and epidemic bloom regimes, with endemic regimes showing higher instability.
Algal blooms significantly impact aquatic species, nutrient cycling, and carbon sequestration, affecting climate regulation.
Ecological assessment models are vital for predicting bloom risks and implementing preventive controls in vulnerable aquatic ecosystems.