Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 30, 2025
06:12
Virtual Prism Adaptation Therapy: Protocol for Validation in Healthy Adults
Published on: February 12, 2020
6.9K
The Effect of Cognitive Style on Individual Differences in Prismatic Adaptation: A Pilot Study
Alessia Bonavita1,2,3, Martina Bellagamba2, Paola Verde4
1Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Brain Sciences
|May 16, 2023
Summary
Field-independent individuals adapt faster to prism adaptation (PA) than field-dependent individuals. This cognitive style difference impacts PA efficacy, explaining variability in neglect rehabilitation outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Prism adaptation (PA) is utilized for unilateral spatial neglect rehabilitation and sensory-motor plasticity research.
- Conflicting evidence exists regarding PA effectiveness due to variations in prisms, patient characteristics, and training procedures.
- Individual differences, such as cognitive style, may influence PA development and effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of field-dependent/independent cognitive style in prism adaptation efficacy.
- To determine if cognitive style impacts the speed of adaptation or the persistence of after-effects.
Main Methods:
- 38 healthy participants were classified as field-dependent (FD) or field-independent (FI) using the Embedded Figure Test.
- Participants underwent a prism adaptation protocol.
- Adaptation speed (pointing movements to reduce error) and extinction of after-effects were measured.
Main Results:
- Field-independent individuals required fewer pointing movements to achieve adaptation compared to field-dependent individuals.
- No significant differences were found between FD and FI groups in the extinction of sensory-motor and cognitive after-effects.
- Cognitive style influences the rate at which individuals adapt to prismatic displacement.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive style, specifically field-independence, facilitates faster prism adaptation.
- The findings suggest that individual cognitive differences contribute to the variable effectiveness of standardized prism adaptation protocols in neglect rehabilitation.
- Tailoring PA protocols based on cognitive style may enhance rehabilitation outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality
594
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
594
01:17Cognitivism
1.5K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.5K
00:52Social Proof
27.7K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.7K
01:24Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
69
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
69
00:56Attribution Theory
13.1K
Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
13.1K
01:28Adler's Individual Psychology
902
Alfred Adler, a prominent figure in psychology, founded the school of individual psychology. In contrast to Freud's emphasis on sexual or aggressive motives, Adler suggested that individuals are primarily motivated by their purposes and goals. He believed that people strive for perfection rather than pleasure. Adler argued that individuals could creatively act upon their genetic inheritance and environmental experiences to shape their own lives, emphasizing conscious motivation over...
902