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A Molecularly Engineered Cathode Lithium Compensation Agent for High Energy Density Batteries
Wei Wu1,2, Aoxuan Wang2, Qiushe Zhan3
1State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 16, 2023
Summary
This study introduces a new air-stable lithium compensation agent, 4-Fluoro-1,2-dihydroxybenzene Li salt (LiDF), for high energy density batteries. LiDF improves cycle life and capacity retention in lithium-ion cells.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Prelithiation is key for high energy density batteries, but current agents lack air-stability and create barriers.
- Existing lithium compensation strategies face challenges with air-stability, residual insulating solids, and Li-extraction barriers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an air-stable cathode lithium compensation agent with improved performance.
- To investigate the synergistic effects of the charged residue as an interface-forming additive.
Main Methods:
- Molecular engineering of 4-Fluoro-1,2-dihydroxybenzene Li salt (LiDF) as a compensation agent.
- Electrochemical testing of LiDF in pouch cells with NCM (Ni92) cathode and SiO/C anode.
- Evaluation of LiDF in anode-free cells (NCM622+LiDF||Cu).
Main Results:
- LiDF exhibits high specific capacity (382.7 mAh g⁻¹) and suitable delithiation potential (3.6-4.2 V).
- The charged residue, 4-Fluoro-1,2-benzoquinone (BQF), forms a uniform LiF-rich cathode/anode electrolyte interface (CEI/SEI).
- Pouch cells with 2 wt% LiDF maintained 91% capacity after 350 cycles; anode-free cells with 15 wt% LiDF retained 78% after 100 cycles.
Conclusions:
- Molecularly engineered LiDF is a promising air-stable lithium compensation agent.
- The synergistic interface-forming ability of BQF enhances battery performance by reducing Li loss and electrolyte decomposition.
- This work offers a molecular design strategy for advanced lithium compensation agents in high energy density batteries.
