Preoperative simulation using three-dimensional printer in four temporal bone surgeries.

Ichiro Fukumoto1, Yukiyoshi Mita1, Rie Shimmi1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan.

Summary

Preoperative simulation using 3D printing enhances surgical safety by defining drilling limits in the temporal bone. These simulations also serve as valuable educational tools for training new surgeons.

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