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Complexity and compression efficiency analysis of libaom AV1 video codec.

Isis Bender1, Alex Borges2, Luciano Agostini2

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This study analyzes the computational complexity of the AV1 video format. Disabling specific partitioning structures in the libaom encoder significantly reduces encoding time with minimal impact on coding efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Video compression technology
  • Digital media encoding
  • Computational complexity analysis

Background:

  • The Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) developed the royalty-free AV1 video format in 2018.
  • AV1 incorporates advanced coding tools and partitioning structures, increasing complexity compared to predecessors.
  • Understanding AV1's computational demands is crucial for developing efficient codecs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To profile the computational effort of individual AV1 coding steps.
  • To analyze the trade-offs between computational cost and coding efficiency for AV1's superblock partitioning.
  • To provide recommendations for optimizing AV1 codec development.

Main Methods:

  • Profiling the libaom reference software to measure the time spent on each AV1 coding step.
  • Conducting experiments to evaluate the impact of disabling various superblock partition types on encoding time and bitrate.
  • Analyzing the relationship between computational cost and coding efficiency for different partitioning strategies.

Main Results:

  • Inter-frame prediction (76.98%) and transform (20.57%) are the most computationally intensive steps in the libaom encoder.
  • Disabling ternary and asymmetric quaternary partitions minimally impacts bitrate (0.25% and 0.22% increase, respectively).
  • Disabling all rectangular partitions reduces encoding time by approximately 35%.

Conclusions:

  • The inter-frame prediction and transform steps are key targets for optimization in AV1 codecs.
  • Strategic disabling of complex partitions, like ternary and asymmetric quaternary, offers significant speedups with negligible quality loss.
  • The findings provide a methodological basis for creating faster and more efficient AV1-compatible video codecs.