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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

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Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

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Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
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Nursing interventions are chosen as part of the planning process to achieve patient outcomes. Once nursing diagnoses are determined, the goals and outcomes are specified, then the nursing interventions are selected and individualized according to the patient's situation.
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Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
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Intervention for Intraoperative Teaching in Anesthesiology Using Weekly Keyword Program: Development and Usability

George Tewfik1, Rotem Naftalovich1, Carlos Rodriguez-Aponte1

  • 1Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States.

Interactive Journal of Medical Research
|May 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A structured keyword curriculum did not improve anesthesiology resident teaching in the operating room. Further innovations are needed to enhance this difficult learning environment for both residents and faculty.

Keywords:
anesthesiologyeducationeducational strategiesefficacyelectronicintraoperative teachingmedical residentsoperationresident teachingsurveyteaching

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Anesthesiology Training
  • Operating Room Learning

Background:

  • Operating room (OR) learning for anesthesiology residents is challenging due to patient care demands, production pressures, and environmental noise.
  • Traditional OR teaching is often informal, personnel-specific, and lacks consistent direction.
  • Previous educational interventions often relied on post-hoc surveys for efficacy assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a structured intraoperative keyword training program for improving OR teaching and discussions between anesthesiology residents and faculty.
  • To standardize educational material for consistent review by faculty and trainees.
  • To increase the time and efficiency of learning interactions in the stressful OR environment.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a weekly intraoperative didactic curriculum using American Board of Anesthesiology keywords.
  • Distributed weekly worksheets with 5 keywords and discussion questions via email.
  • Instructed residents and faculty to complete worksheets weekly over two years.
  • Assessed program efficacy using an electronic survey administered to residents.

Main Results:

  • No significant improvement in perceived intraoperative teaching quality was observed.
  • A slight, statistically insignificant increase in teaching time was reported.
  • Respondents favored the structured curriculum approach, suggesting potential benefits for future interventions.

Conclusions:

  • A formalized, keyword-centered didactic curriculum is not a sufficient solution for improving OR teaching in anesthesiology.
  • Enhancing intraoperative teaching requires further innovative strategies.
  • Structured curricula may serve as a valuable supplement to other educational methods for anesthesia residents.