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Complications of Percutaneous and Surgical Gastrostomy Placements in Children: a Single-Centre Series

Kaoutar Tazi1, Kallirroi Kotilea1, Martine Dassonville2

  • 1From the Paediatric Gastroenterology Department, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

JPGN Reports
|May 18, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Gastrostomy placement in children can lead to complications, especially in those with neurological disease or malnutrition. Surgical placement resulted in more complications than endoscopic methods, highlighting the need for revised prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Outcomes

Background:

  • Gastrostomy placement is crucial for children needing long-term enteral feeding.
  • Various techniques exist, including percutaneous endoscopic, laparoscopic, and laparotomy methods.
  • Complications associated with gastrostomy placement are a significant concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report complications following pediatric gastrostomy placement.
  • To identify risk factors for gastrostomy complications.
  • To suggest strategies for complication prevention.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective monocentric study of 124 children under 18 years.
  • Gastrostomy placement via endoscopic, surgical, or laparoscopic-assisted techniques (2012-2020).
  • Complications were collected and classified up to one year post-placement, with univariate analysis.

Main Results:

  • Surgical placement led to significantly more complications (major and minor) than endoscopic.
  • Children with neurological disease had more early complications with percutaneous placement.
  • Malnourished children experienced more major complications requiring intervention.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial number of pediatric gastrostomies result in major complications or require further procedures.
  • Neurological disease and malnutrition are key risk factors for severe and early complications.
  • Infection is a common complication, necessitating a review of current prevention protocols.

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