The interplay between oral microbiota, gut microbiota and systematic diseases

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Human Health
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• The significance of microbiota in health and disease has gained prominence over the last 20 years.
• The human gut and oral microbiomes are the largest and second-largest, respectively, and are physically connected.
• Emerging evidence highlights intricate links between gut and oral microbiota, impacting various systemic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the routes and factors through which oral microbiota influences gut microbiota.
• To explore the contribution of the oral-gut microbiota interplay to systemic diseases.
• To increase interest in the oral-gut microbiota connection and its health implications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on association studies.
• Inclusion of recent mechanistic investigations.
• Synthesis of evidence on the oral-gut microbiota axis.

Main Results:

• The oral cavity serves as the entry point to the digestive system, facilitating microbial exchange.
• The interplay between oral and gut microbiota is implicated in diseases such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and various cancers.
• Mechanistic studies are increasingly elucidating the pathways involved.

Conclusions:

• The connection between oral and gut microbiota plays a tangible role in human health and disease.
• Further research into this axis is warranted to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
• Understanding the oral-gut microbiome axis is essential for a holistic approach to health.