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Disparities in lung cancer.

Narjust Duma1, Nathaniel Evans2, Edith Mitchell3

  • 1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of the National Medical Association
|May 18, 2023
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Summary

Racial disparities persist in lung cancer care, with Black individuals facing higher incidence and poorer outcomes. Addressing socioeconomic and geographic inequalities is crucial to improve lung cancer survival for all.

Keywords:
Lung cancerRacial and ethnic disparitiesScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the U.S.
  • Medically underserved racial and ethnic minorities bear a disproportionate burden of lung cancer.
  • Black individuals face higher incidence, later diagnosis, and worse survival than White individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the sources of racial and ethnic disparities in lung cancer.
  • To propose recommendations to address these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on lung cancer disparities.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to racial and ethnic inequalities in lung cancer care.

Main Results:

  • Black patients have lower rates of low-dose computed tomography screening, leading to advanced stage at diagnosis.
  • Black patients are less likely to receive standard surgical treatment and biomarker testing.
  • Socioeconomic factors (poverty, insurance, education) and geographic inequalities contribute to disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Significant racial and ethnic disparities exist across the lung cancer continuum.
  • Addressing multifactorial inequalities is essential for equitable lung cancer outcomes.
  • Recommendations are proposed to mitigate these disparities and improve care for minority populations.