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Related Concept Videos

Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
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Time-aligned hourglass gastrulation models in rabbit and mouse.

Yoav Mayshar1, Ofir Raz2, Saifeng Cheng1

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Cell
|May 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Mammalian development shows convergence in body plan formation, as seen in rabbit and mouse embryos. This study reveals conserved gene expression but divergent germ cell development, offering insights into evolutionary developmental biology.

Keywords:
PGCcell specificationdevelopmentembryogenesisgastrulationhourglass modelinterspecies comparisonrabbitscRNA-seq

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The hourglass model proposes developmental convergence within phyla, but its molecular basis in mammals is unclear.
  • Understanding mammalian developmental mechanisms is crucial for evolutionary insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms of developmental convergence in mammals using a comparative approach.
  • To analyze single-cell differentiation trajectories during mammalian gastrulation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of rabbit and mouse embryos at single-cell resolution.
  • Modeling gastrulation dynamics from E6.0 to E8.5.
  • Utilizing a framework for time-resolved single-cell differentiation-flows analysis.

Main Results:

  • Convergence of cell-state compositions observed at embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5) in both species.
  • Quantitatively conserved expression of 76 key transcription factors.
  • Divergence noted in primordial germ cell programs and lineage specification timing, with rabbits not activating mesoderm genes in germ cells.

Conclusions:

  • Mammalian gastrulation exhibits conserved core developmental programs despite species-specific variations.
  • Comparative single-cell analysis provides a powerful tool for studying evolutionary developmental dynamics.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the evolution of body plan development across mammals.