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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation- ChIP02:36

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation- ChIP

Chromatin immunoprecipitation, or ChIP, is an antibody-based technique used to identify sites on DNA that bind to transcription factors of interest or histone proteins. It also helps determine the type of histone modifications such as acetylation, phosphorylation, or methylation.
Types of ChIP
ChIP can be divided into two types - X-ChIP and N-ChIP. X-ChIP involves in vivo cross-linking of histones and regulatory proteins to DNA, fragmenting the DNA by sonication, and isolating the protein-DNA...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
10:41

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Genome-wide chromatin recording resolves dynamic cell state changes.

Yodai Takei1,2, Jordan A Lay1,3, James M Linton1

  • 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

LagTag enables recovery of earlier and endpoint chromatin states in the same cells. This method tracks dynamic chromatin changes during cell differentiation, advancing temporally resolved chromatin profiling.

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Chromatin Extraction from Frozen Chimeric Liver Tissue for Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Analysis
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells
13:20

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells

Published on: July 29, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
10:41

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Chromatin Extraction from Frozen Chimeric Liver Tissue for Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Analysis
09:26

Chromatin Extraction from Frozen Chimeric Liver Tissue for Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Analysis

Published on: March 23, 2021

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells
13:20

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells

Published on: July 29, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Understanding chromatin's role in cell behavior is crucial but limited by endpoint assays.
  • Existing chromatin profiling methods cannot capture dynamic changes over time within the same cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for temporally resolved chromatin profiling.
  • To enable the recovery of both early and endpoint chromatin states from the same mammalian cells.

Main Methods:

  • LagTag utilizes transient expression of bacterial adenine methyltransferase fusions to record earlier DNA binding profiles.
  • Adenine methylation profiles are subsequently used to recover earlier chromatin states via tagmentation and sequencing.
  • Endpoint profiles of endogenous chromatin-associated proteins are recovered concurrently.

Main Results:

  • LagTag profiles demonstrated strong alignment with established chromatin profiling methods in mouse and human cells.
  • The method successfully recorded and recovered dynamic chromatin state transitions during mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation.
  • Transcriptional signatures from pre- and post-differentiation timepoints were captured within the same cell population.

Conclusions:

  • LagTag offers a groundbreaking approach for temporally resolved chromatin profiling.
  • This method provides a foundation for studying dynamic epigenetic changes in biological processes.
  • LagTag facilitates a deeper understanding of how chromatin state influences cell fate decisions.