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High-Performance Graphene-Modified Sensing Chip for SARS-CoV-2 Detection.

Parshant Kumar Sharma1, Ebrahim Mostafavi2, Nam-Young Kim3

  • 1RFIC Bio Centre, Kwangwoon University; Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University; NDAC Centre, Kwangwoon University; parshantvats111@gmail.com.

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Summary

A novel reusable graphene oxide (GrO)-glazed biosensor rapidly detects SARS-CoV-2. This cost-effective point-of-care test offers high sensitivity and specificity for COVID-19 diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biosensor Technology

Background:

  • Accurate and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for controlling COVID-19.
  • Existing diagnostic methods can be time-consuming or require specialized laboratory equipment.
  • Development of sensitive, specific, and portable diagnostic tools is needed for point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reusable, highly sensitive, and specific biosensor for rapid SARS-CoV-2 detection.
  • To utilize graphene oxide (GrO) as a surface enhancement material for antibody immobilization.
  • To create a cost-effective biosensor prototype for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a double inter-digitated capacitive (DIDC) chip with a graphene oxide (GrO) glaze on a Ti/Pt glass substrate.
  • Chemical modification using EDC-NHS for immobilizing antibodies (Abs) against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1) protein.
  • Characterization of the biosensor's performance, including sensitivity, specificity, linearity, response time, and reusability.

Main Results:

  • The GrO-glazed DIDC chip demonstrated an ideal surface for antibody immobilization and enhanced capacitance.
  • Achieved a wide sensing range (1.0 mg/mL to 1.0 fg/mL) with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1 fg/mL.
  • Exhibited high responsiveness (18.56 nF/g), good linearity, and a rapid reaction time of 3 seconds.
  • The biosensor showed specificity against blood-borne antigens and stability for up to 10 days.
  • Demonstrated good reusability, crucial for cost-effective POC testing frameworks.

Conclusions:

  • The developed GrO-DIDC biosensor is a promising tool for rapid and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2.
  • Its compact size, high sensitivity, and reusability make it suitable for point-of-care (POC) COVID-19 diagnostics.
  • The platform has the potential for detecting other severe viral diseases with further validation.