Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

Stringent Response in E. coli

Stringent Response in E. coli

Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria

Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...

Transduction

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Whole-Blood vs Component Therapy in Adult Trauma: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA surgery·2026

Same author

Hematopoietic stem cell aging promotes <i>TET2</i> clonal hematopoiesis.

Research square·2026

Same author

Coaching LSD1 to ignore acetylation.

Nature chemical biology·2024

Same author

PKCδ Regulates Chromatin Remodeling and DNA Repair through SIRT6.

Molecular cancer research : MCR·2023

Same author

High-Throughput Screening of Epigenetic Inhibitors in Meningiomas Identifies HDAC, G9a, and Jumonji-Domain Inhibition as Potential Therapies.

Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base·2023

Same author

An extensive β1-adrenergic receptor gene signaling network regulates molecular remodeling in dilated cardiomyopathies.

JCI insight·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Forward Genetic Approach to Uncover Stress Resistance Genes in Mice — A High-throughput Screen in ES Cells

Forward Genetic Approach to Uncover Stress Resistance Genes in Mice — A High-throughput Screen in ES Cells

Published on: November 11, 2015

Transition from Transient DNA Rereplication to Inherited Gene Amplification Following Prolonged Environmental Stress.

Gregory M Wright, Johannes Menzel, Philip D Tatman

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|May 22, 2023

Summary

Environmental metal exposure triggers DNA rereplication and transient gene amplifications at the metallothionein locus. This process can lead to stable, inherited gene amplification, offering a new model for cellular adaptation.

More Related Videos

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae

Published on: August 8, 2017

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Forward Genetic Approach to Uncover Stress Resistance Genes in Mice — A High-throughput Screen in ES Cells

Forward Genetic Approach to Uncover Stress Resistance Genes in Mice — A High-throughput Screen in ES Cells

Published on: November 11, 2015

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae

Published on: August 8, 2017

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Area of Science:

Genetics
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

Cells must adapt to environmental changes, but the mechanisms for stable genomic alterations remain unclear.
Environmental stress can induce genomic instability, yet the precise pathways are not fully elucidated.

Approach:

Investigated DNA rereplication and gene amplification at the metallothionein (MT) locus in response to metal exposure.
Utilized genetic and epigenetic analyses to understand the regulation of MT gene amplification by H3K27me3 and EZH2.

Key Points:

Environmental metal exposure induces transient site-specific gene amplifications (TSSGs) at the MT locus via DNA rereplication.
Chronic exposure promotes transition to stable, inherited MT gene amplification through homologous recombination.
H3K27me3 and EZH2 suppress MT locus rereplication; EZH2 ablation facilitates inheritance without metal pressure.

Conclusions:

Discovered a novel paradigm of adaptation where targeted DNA rereplication precedes stable gene amplification under environmental stress.
Demonstrated that MT gene amplification is an evolutionarily conserved response to metal stress across species.
Highlighted the role of epigenetic regulation (H3K27me3, EZH2) in controlling the transition from transient to stable gene amplification.