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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
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Submandibular Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma: A Case Report.

Jose Antonio Hakim Tawil1, Andrés Flórez2, María Camila Sanabria1

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|May 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Ectopic parathyroid adenomas, a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), present diagnostic challenges. [18F] F-choline PET/CT successfully located a submandibular adenoma, enabling curative surgery.

Keywords:
diagnosisectopicparathyroid adenomaprimary hyperparathyroidismtreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder caused by excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion.
  • Ectopic parathyroid adenomas, though rare, represent an atypical cause of PHPT and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Suboptimal localization of adenomas can lead to surgical complications and persistent hypercalcemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of ectopic parathyroid adenomas in PHPT.
  • To highlight the utility of [18F] F-choline PET/CT in localizing ectopic parathyroid adenomas.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering ectopic locations in PHPT evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 36-year-old female with PHPT due to a submandibular ectopic parathyroid adenoma.
  • Initial evaluation with routine imaging studies, which were negative.
  • [18F] F-choline positron emission tomography (PET)/Computed tomography (CT) for adenoma localization.
  • Surgical resection with intraoperative PTH monitoring.

Main Results:

  • A 36-year-old female presented with bone pain and PHPT.
  • Routine imaging failed to identify the source of excessive PTH.
  • [18F] F-choline PET/CT successfully identified an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the submandibular region.
  • Successful surgical management of the ectopic adenoma was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Ectopic parathyroid adenomas are an important consideration in PHPT, especially when conventional imaging is negative.
  • Functional imaging, such as [18F] F-choline PET/CT, is valuable for detecting ectopic parathyroid adenomas.
  • Surgical resection guided by intraoperative PTH monitoring is the definitive treatment for PHPT caused by ectopic adenomas.