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Vesicular Tubular Clusters

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...

COP Coated Vesicles

COP Coated Vesicles

Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity

Published on: March 31, 2021

Corrigendum to: The composition and function of Enterococcus faecalis membrane vesicles.

Kimberly A Kline^1,2

¹Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore.

|May 24, 2023

Summary

This study corrects a previously published article DOI. The correction ensures accurate referencing for future scientific research and data integrity in the field of microbiology.

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Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity

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Scalable Isolation and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles from Escherichia coli and Other Bacteria

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Scientific Publishing

Context:

Correction of a previously published article DOI.
Ensuring accuracy in scientific literature.

Purpose:

To provide the correct article DOI for proper citation.
To maintain the integrity of scientific records.

Summary:

The article DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqab002 has been corrected.
This ensures accurate referencing and retrieval of the scientific publication.

Impact:

Facilitates correct citation and avoids misattribution.
Supports the reliability and reproducibility of scientific findings.