Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

4.6K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
4.6K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

14.6K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
14.6K
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

63.9K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
63.9K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

7.8K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.8K
The Electron Transport Chain01:30

The Electron Transport Chain

17.0K
The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q...
17.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Design Principles, Synthetic Strategies, and Biomedical Applications of Peptide-Polymer Conjugates.

Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Immune-Genomic Evolution in AML Spontaneous Remission: A 66-Patient Pooled Analysis and Longitudinal Clonal Tracking.

Cancers·2026
Same author

From EGFR PTM network to TKI resistance: spatial subtypes and targeting in lung cancer.

Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)·2026
Same author

Organoid-guided evidence that umbilical cord MSC-derived extracellular vesicles restore alveolar repair in cigarette smoke-induced lung injury.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same author

METTL1-deficient mesenchymal stem cells protect against metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by increasing NAMPT secretion.

Stem cells translational medicine·2026
Same author

Construction of a predictive model based on the risk of relapse after cytarabine consolidation therapy in acute myeloid leukemia patients.

The oncologist·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics
04:01

Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics

Published on: March 15, 2024

1.1K

Chemotherapy impairs ovarian function through excessive ROS-induced ferroptosis.

Shenghui Zhang1,2, Qin Liu1, Mengyuan Chang1,3

  • 1Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.

Cell Death & Disease
|May 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemotherapy damages ovaries by causing oxidative stress and ferroptosis, leading to reduced fertility in cancer patients. Fertility-protective adjuvants targeting these mechanisms are crucial for improving patient quality of life.

More Related Videos

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

7.5K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer
09:40

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer

Published on: August 2, 2024

2.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics
04:01

Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics

Published on: March 15, 2024

1.1K
Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

7.5K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer
09:40

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer

Published on: August 2, 2024

2.7K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Toxicology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy, while vital for cancer treatment, causes significant side effects including ovarian toxicity.
  • Chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage manifests as decreased ovarian reserve, infertility, and atrophy, impacting female cancer patients' quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage.
  • To identify potential targets for fertility-protective adjuvants in female cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Confirmed abnormal gonadal hormone levels in chemotherapy patients.
  • Administered conventional chemotherapeutic drugs (CTX, Tax, Dox, Cis) to mouse models to assess ovarian volume, follicle count, fibrosis, and reserve.
  • Investigated apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs).
  • Evaluated the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against cisplatin-induced toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Chemotherapy drugs significantly reduced ovarian volume, follicle count, and ovarian reserve, inducing fibrosis in mice.
  • Tax, Dox, and Cis induced apoptosis in GCs, linked to excessive ROS production and impaired antioxidant capacity.
  • Cisplatin triggered mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in GCs via ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation, a novel finding in chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage.
  • NAC treatment mitigated cisplatin-induced GC toxicity by reducing ROS and enhancing antioxidant capacity (GPX4, Nrf2, HO-1 expression).

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy induces a chaotic hormonal state and ovarian damage, confirmed in preclinical and clinical settings.
  • Chemotherapeutic drugs initiate ovarian cell death through ferroptosis, driven by excessive ROS, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Developing fertility protectants that target chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress and ferroptosis is essential for preserving ovarian function and improving cancer patients' quality of life.