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[Exposome: from definition to future challenges.]

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The exposome concept integrates environmental and public health to understand how lifetime exposures impact health. This holistic approach examines multiple factors for better health outcome analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Public health
  • Environmental science
  • Toxicology
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • The exposome concept integrates diverse public health and environmental science disciplines.
  • It addresses the need to understand cumulative lifetime exposures and their health impacts.
  • Traditional research often focuses on single exposures, overlooking complex interactions.

Purpose:

  • To define the exposome's three domains: general external, specific external, and internal exposome.
  • To introduce the socio-exposome theory, linking exposures to socioeconomic factors and health inequalities.
  • To highlight the methodological and statistical challenges in analyzing exposome data.

Summary:

  • The exposome encompasses general external (e.g., air pollution), specific external (e.g., lifestyle), and internal (omics) exposures.
  • Socio-exposome theory emphasizes the role of socioeconomic factors in shaping exposure patterns and health outcomes.
  • Methods like Exposome-Wide Association Study (ExWAS), dimensionality reduction, and machine learning are used to analyze exposome data.

Impact:

  • Facilitates a more holistic evaluation of human health risks by considering multiple exposures.
  • Provides a framework for identifying concurrent causes of various health outcomes.
  • Informs the development of targeted prevention strategies and public health policies.