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Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
Published on: February 8, 2022
Gillian Hardman1, Joseph Zacharias1
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Blackpool FY3 8NR, UK.
Minimally invasive techniques for atrial septal defect (ASD) closure are evolving, offering various approaches for adult and pediatric patients. This review examines current evidence for these less invasive cardiac surgery options.
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