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Person-Centered Study of Cognitive Ability Dimensions Using Latent Profile Analysis
Jeffrey M Conte1, Rebecca K Harmata2
1Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|May 26, 2023
Summary
This study identified five distinct cognitive profiles in Army recruits using latent profile analysis. These profiles showed significant differences in supervisor-rated Effort, Discipline, and Peer Leadership.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Cognitive Science
- Military Psychology
Background:
- Recent calls for deeper investigation into cognitive ability and intelligence.
- Need for understanding multivariate relationships among cognitive abilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate multivariate relationships among cognitive ability dimensions.
- To identify distinct cognitive profiles within a military population.
- To examine the link between cognitive profiles and performance metrics.
Main Methods:
- Employed a person-centered approach.
- Utilized latent profile analysis (LPA) on six cognitive ability dimensions.
- Assessed performance via supervisor ratings of Effort, Discipline, and Peer Leadership in 1681 Army recruits.
Main Results:
- Identified five distinct cognitive profiles (classes) within the sample.
- Demonstrated significant differences in supervisor-rated Effort, Discipline, and Peer Leadership across these profiles.
- Highlighted the heterogeneity of cognitive abilities and its impact on performance.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive ability is not monolithic; distinct profiles exist.
- These cognitive profiles are associated with observable performance differences in a military context.
- Findings support a nuanced understanding of cognitive ability for personnel assessment and development.
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