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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
37
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

30
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
30
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

42
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
42
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

45
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
45
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

38
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
38

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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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Rhabdomyolysis-associated Acute Kidney Injury.

Mohanasundaram Subashri1, S Sujit1, K Thirumalvalavan1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|May 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) from rhabdomyolysis is a severe complication. This study found traumatic and nontraumatic causes equally contribute, with most patients recovering from AKI, and forced alkaline diuresis aiding recovery in nontraumatic cases.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injurydialysisforced alkaline diuresisrhabdomyolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of rhabdomyolysis.
  • Rhabdomyolysis involves muscle breakdown, releasing myoglobin that can damage the kidneys.
  • Understanding the causes and outcomes of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the etiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and outcomes of patients with biopsy-proven pigment-induced nephropathy.
  • To identify risk factors and effective treatments for rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study was conducted from January 2017 to September 2019.
  • Data collected included patient history, clinical examination, laboratory results, and renal biopsy findings.
  • Outcomes and treatment modalities were recorded for 26 patients.

Main Results:

  • The mean age of patients was 34.81 years, with elevated creatinine, CPK, and LDH levels.
  • Traumatic (46%) and nontraumatic (54%) causes of rhabdomyolysis were identified.
  • Most patients required renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis); 15.4% died, and 7.7% progressed to chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • Rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI is a significant cause of renal failure.
  • Both traumatic and nontraumatic etiologies contribute equally.
  • Forced alkaline diuresis showed promise in treating nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI, with most patients recovering.