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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.4K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.6K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

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Circularity in polymers: addressing performance and sustainability challenges using dynamic covalent chemistries.

Tianwei Yan1,2, Alex H Balzer1,2, Katie M Herbert2

  • 1Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware Newark 19716 Delaware USA twyan@udel.edu ahbalzer@udel.edu lkorley@udel.edu thepps@udel.edu.

Chemical Science
|May 26, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic covalent chemistry offers a solution for plastic recycling by enabling reversible bonds in polymers. This approach aims to improve material properties after reuse, promoting a circular economy for plastics.

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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science and Engineering
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Sustainable Materials

Background:

  • Global accumulation of plastic waste necessitates sustainable solutions.
  • Conventional recycling of thermoplastics and thermosets often leads to property degradation.
  • Heterogeneity in waste streams complicates material property optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review dynamic covalent chemistries for enhancing polymer recyclability.
  • To discuss the integration of dynamic covalent bonds into new and existing polymers.
  • To analyze the impact of these bonds on thermomechanical properties and recyclability.

Main Methods:

  • Highlighting key dynamic covalent chemistries applicable to polymers.
  • Reviewing synthetic strategies for incorporating dynamic covalent bonds.
  • Examining predictive physical models for polymer network rearrangement.
  • Utilizing techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment for impact evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Dynamic covalent bonds can be tailored for specific reprocessing conditions.
  • Network structure and dynamic bonds influence material properties and recyclability.
  • Economic and environmental impacts, including minimum selling prices and GHG emissions, are assessed.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic covalent chemistry presents a promising route to closed-loop recyclability in polymers.
  • Overcoming interdisciplinary obstacles is crucial for widespread adoption.
  • Further research directions are identified for achieving circularity in polymeric materials.