Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

Disorders of Hemostasis

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.

Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Beyond Conventional Paradigms: Rethinking the Evaluation and Management of Melasma.

Cutis·2026

Same author

Public Interest in Hyperpigmentation: Insights From a Google Trends Analysis.

Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD·2026

Same author

Zasocitinib (TAK-279), a Highly Selective Oral TYK2 Inhibitor, Demonstrates Skin Clearance in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: Post Hoc Analyses of a Randomized Phase IIb Trial.

Dermatology and therapy·2026

Same author

Aseptic and Alopecic Nodule of the Scalp in a Young Female With Alopecia Areata.

Case reports in dermatological medicine·2026

Same author

Assessing workload, compensation, and burnout in academic dermatology: a national multi-institutional survey study.

International journal of women's dermatology·2026

Same author

The Experiences of Black Dermatology Faculty in the United States.

The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Non-Surgical Treatment of Melasma– Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid

Author Spotlight: Non-Surgical Treatment of Melasma– Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid

Published on: January 19, 2024

Disorders of Facial Hyperpigmentation.

Nicole C Syder¹, Claudia Quarshie¹, Nada Elbuluk¹

¹Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 830 South Flower Street, Suite 100, Los Angeles, CA 90017, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics

|May 26, 2023

Summary

Facial hyperpigmentation disorders are common, especially in individuals with darker skin tones (Fitzpatrick skin types III-VI). This review covers their causes, diagnosis, and treatments to improve quality of life.

Keywords:

Ethnic skin Facial hyperpigmentation Facial melanosis Facial pigmentation Hypermelanosis Hyperpigmentation Melasma Periorbital hyperpigmentation Skin of color

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Facial Rejuvenation Therapy with Post-Laser Salicylic Acid Application

Author Spotlight: Advancing Facial Rejuvenation Therapy with Post-Laser Salicylic Acid Application

Published on: September 27, 2024

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Non-Surgical Treatment of Melasma– Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid

Author Spotlight: Non-Surgical Treatment of Melasma– Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid

Published on: January 19, 2024

Author Spotlight: Advancing Facial Rejuvenation Therapy with Post-Laser Salicylic Acid Application

Author Spotlight: Advancing Facial Rejuvenation Therapy with Post-Laser Salicylic Acid Application

Published on: September 27, 2024

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Aesthetic Medicine

Background:

Hyperpigmentation disorders are prevalent and challenging, often impacting individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types III-VI.
Facial hyperpigmentation significantly affects quality of life due to its visibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of facial hyperpigmentation disorders.
To cover epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic considerations, and treatment approaches.

Main Methods:

Literature review of hyperpigmentation disorders.
Analysis of epidemiological data.
Synthesis of current treatment strategies.

Main Results:

Hyperpigmentation is multifactorial, with increased prevalence in skin of color.
Facial involvement exacerbates the psychological and social impact.
Diverse treatment options exist, requiring tailored approaches.

Conclusions:

Understanding the epidemiology and pathogenesis is crucial for effective management.
Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation guides treatment selection.
Multifaceted treatment strategies can improve outcomes for facial hyperpigmentation.