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Modifiable Risk Factors and Preventative Strategies for Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity.
Minali Prasad1, Ellen C Ingolfsland2, Stephen P Christiansen3
1Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2023
Summary
Severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is linked to modifiable factors like oxygen levels, infections, blood transfusions, and poor weight gain. Early intervention and preventative strategies are crucial for reducing ROP risks in preterm infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Ophthalmology
- Perinatal Health
Background:
- Severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) involves retinal fibrovascular proliferation and potential detachment.
- Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for preventing severe ROP.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review five common, well-studied perinatal and neonatal modifiable risk factors for severe ROP.
- To discuss potential preventative strategies for severe ROP.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of established and emerging risk factors for severe ROP.
- Analysis of associations between perinatal/neonatal conditions and ROP severity.
Main Results:
- Hyperoxemia, hypoxia, prolonged respiratory support, maternal chorioamnionitis, neonatal sepsis, red blood cell transfusions, and poor postnatal weight gain are linked to severe ROP.
- Limited evidence supports caffeine, human milk, and vitamins A/E for ROP prevention.
Conclusions:
- Several perinatal and neonatal factors significantly increase the risk of severe ROP.
- Further research is needed to establish effective preventative strategies for ROP.
