Gender Disparity in Work Distribution Among Cardiology Trainees: Pakistan's Perspective

Gender disparity in work distribution among cardiology trainees is a crucial issue that can impact career development and the overall representation of women in the field. This cross-sectional survey aimed to examine the gender disparity in work distribution among cardiology trainees in Pakistan. A total of 1156 trainees from various medical institutions across the country participated in the study, with 687 male trainees (59.4%) and 469 female trainees (40.5%). Demographic characteristics, baseline characteristics, work distribution patterns, perceptions of gender disparity, and career aspirations were assessed. The findings revealed that male trainees reported being assigned more complex procedures compared to female trainees (75% vs 47%, P < 0.001), while female trainees reported a higher frequency of being assigned administrative tasks compared to male trainees (61% vs 35%, P = 0.001). Both genders reported similar perceptions of the overall workload. However, female trainees experienced significantly higher rates of perceived bias and discrimination compared to male trainees (70% vs 25%, P < 0.001). Moreover, female trainees expressed a higher perception of unequal opportunities for career advancement due to gender disparities (80% vs 67%, P < 0.001). While male and female trainees showed similar aspirations for pursuing advanced subspecialties within cardiology, male trainees expressed a higher intention to pursue leadership positions within the field (60% vs 30%, P = 0.003). These findings shed light on the existing gender disparities in work distribution and perceptions within cardiology training programs in Pakistan.