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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Simultaneous Imaging of Microglial Dynamics and Neuronal Activity in Awake Mice
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Simultaneous Imaging of Microglial Dynamics and Neuronal Activity in Awake Mice

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High-resolution structural and functional retinal imaging in the awake behaving mouse.

Guanping Feng1,2, Aby Joseph2,3, Kosha Dholakia1,2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.

Communications Biology
|May 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new head-fixed preparation for imaging the mouse retina in awake animals. This method reveals unique physiological characteristics of the awake eye, including distinct eye movements and blood flow patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Laboratory mice are crucial models for understanding mammalian central nervous system physiology.
  • In vivo imaging of neural, glial, and vascular cells in the brain is possible in head-fixed preparations without anesthesia.
  • Similar techniques for studying the constantly moving eye have been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a novel head-fixed preparation for high-resolution, single-cell retinal imaging in awake-behaving mice.
  • To investigate retinal physiology in the absence of anesthesia.
  • To identify functional attributes of the normal eye overlooked by anesthesia.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel head-fixed preparation for mice.
  • Utilized adaptive optics retinal imaging.

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  • Recorded retinal activity and blood flow in awake and anesthetized states.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified high-frequency, low-amplitude eye motion unique to the awake state.
    • Observed reduced single-cell blood flow in the mouse retina under anesthesia.
    • Found that mouse retinae thicken in response to ketamine/xylazine anesthesia.

    Conclusions:

    • The awake-behaving preparation enables the study of normal retinal physiology in mice without anesthesia.
    • Anesthesia significantly alters retinal blood flow and structure.
    • This preparation reveals functional attributes of the eye previously obscured by anesthesia.