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Case Report: Anti-MDA-5 dermatomyositis in a resource-limited setting.

Ujjwol Risal¹, Suravi Pandey¹, Raju Pangeni¹

¹Hospital for Advanced Medicine and Surgery, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Wellcome Open Research

|May 30, 2023

Summary

Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated gene 5 (Anti-MDA-5) dermatomyositis is a rare, aggressive autoimmune disease. Early diagnosis and immunosuppressive treatment are crucial for survival, especially in resource-limited settings like Nepal.

Keywords:

Anti-MDA-5 Dermatomyositis Resource-limited setting

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Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Immunology
Dermatology

Background:

Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated gene 5 (Anti-MDA-5) dermatomyositis is a rare autoimmune condition.
It presents with distinct skin manifestations, rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease, and muscle inflammation.
This subtype has a high mortality rate if not treated promptly.

Observation:

A patient presented with generalized weakness, cough, and shortness of breath.
Diagnostic challenges were noted due to resource limitations and lack of rheumatologists in Nepal.
The patient was eventually diagnosed with Anti-MDA-5 dermatomyositis.

Findings:

The case underscores the diagnostic difficulties of Anti-MDA-5 dermatomyositis in resource-limited environments.
Prompt diagnosis and management are critical for improving patient outcomes.
Combination immunosuppressive therapy led to a positive response in the patient.

Implications:

Highlights the need for improved diagnostic capabilities and specialist training for rare autoimmune diseases in developing countries.
Emphasizes the importance of early intervention and tailored treatment strategies for Anti-MDA-5 dermatomyositis.
Suggests that even with resource constraints, successful management of this condition is achievable.