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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Encoding01:19

Encoding

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Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
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Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Chunking01:12

Chunking

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Chunking is a powerful cognitive technique that improves short-term memory retention by organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. The brain, limited by working memory capacity, can more easily process and store information when it is divided into "chunks" rather than presented as discrete, unrelated elements. Chunking is especially useful when dealing with large amounts of information, such as numerical sequences, words, or complex ideas.
The principle behind chunking...
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Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

10.0K

Adaptive Encoding Speed in Working Memory.

Joost de Jong1, Hedderik van Rijn1, Elkan G Akyürek1

  • 1Experimental Psychology, University of Groningen.

Psychological Science
|June 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory adapts encoding speed to match stimulus pace, enhancing information processing. This adaptation is largely implicit, improving our ability to keep up with environmental dynamics.

Keywords:
adaptationencodingopen dataopen materialsworking memory

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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Related Experiment Videos

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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Perception

Background:

  • Working memory is crucial for integrating information over time.
  • Previous research showed working memory capacity is adaptable.
  • Adaptations in encoding speed for working memory were not yet demonstrated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if working memory encoding speed can be adapted.
  • To determine the role of stimulus duration in encoding speed adaptation.
  • To compare the effectiveness of implicit statistical cues versus explicit cues in modulating encoding speed.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a series of experiments with young adult participants.
  • Exposed participants to stimuli presented at varying overall and recent durations.
  • Assessed participants' ability to adapt encoding speed based on stimulus timing.
  • Compared adaptation to statistical information versus explicit cues.

Main Results:

  • Young adults demonstrated faster encoding rates after adaptation to stimulus duration.
  • Participants could not be prompted to speed up encoding using explicit cues.
  • Implicit adaptation to stimulus duration was more effective than explicit cueing.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory exhibits adaptive tuning of encoding speed.
  • This adaptation is primarily an implicit mechanism.
  • The findings highlight a fundamental process for keeping pace with environmental changes.