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Mechanism for fluctuating pair density wave.

Chandan Setty1,2, Laura Fanfarillo3,4, P J Hirschfeld5

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This summary is machine-generated.

Strongly coupled superconductors exhibit unique pairing phases. A new model reveals a fluctuating pair density wave state that can transition to superconductivity or a pair-density wave phase.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Superconductivity Theory

Background:

  • Weakly coupled superconductors (BCS theory) limit Cooper pair formation to a narrow energy window around the Fermi energy (EF).
  • Strong coupling superconductors (e.g., cuprates, FeSe, SrTiO3, cold atom condensates) have a pairing scale (EB) comparable to or larger than EF.
  • The pseudogap state in cuprates is hypothesized to involve a fluctuating pair density wave, but lacks a supporting microscopic model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an analytically solvable model for examining pairing phases in strongly coupled superconductors.
  • To investigate the influence of anisotropic interactions on these pairing phases.
  • To understand the emergence of fluctuating and long-range pair density waves in realistic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a minimal, analytically solvable model.
  • Analysis of pairing phases under strong coupling and anisotropic interaction conditions.
  • Investigation of phase transitions at finite and low temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of an unusual finite temperature phase below an instability temperature (Ti) characterized by local pair correlations with non-zero center-of-mass momentum but lacking long-range order.
  • Demonstration that this fluctuating pair density wave can condense into either a uniform d-wave superconductor or a pair-density wave state at low temperatures, depending on interaction strength.
  • The model provides a unified framework for understanding both fluctuating and long-range pair density waves.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model successfully describes pairing phenomena in the strongly coupled regime.
  • It offers a microscopic explanation for the existence of fluctuating pair density waves and their subsequent condensation.
  • This work unifies the understanding of different pairing states in strongly coupled systems.