Diffuse hyperplasia of lymph node in tuberculosis.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pathology

Background:

• Lymphadenopathy is a common clinical finding.
• Differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy includes lymphoma and infectious causes.
• Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global infectious disease.

Observation:

• A case is presented where diffuse lymph node hyperplasia mimicked malignant large cell lymphoma.
• The patient had active tuberculosis.
• Lymphoma was ruled out after extensive follow-up.

Findings:

• Active tuberculosis can induce significant lymphoid hyperplasia.
• This reactive process can be mistaken for lymphoma on lymph node biopsy.
• Coexisting lymphoma was excluded in this case.

Implications:

• Clinicians and pathologists must consider tuberculosis as a cause of lymphadenopathy.
• Florid lymphoid reactions in TB can mimic malignancy.
• Awareness of this mimicry is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management.