Exploring the use of driving simulation to improve robotic surgery simulator training: an observational case-control...

The correlation between driving skills and the ability to perform robotic surgery have not yet been discussed. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of driving skills on learning robotic surgery using a driving simulator and a robotic simulator. Sixty robot- and simulator-naïve participants were recruited: 30 with a driver's license and 30 without a driver's license. All participants completed a test on the driving simulator and learned four tasks using a robotic surgical simulator (dV-Trainer). On the driving simulator, the lap time in the driver's license group (D-Group) was significantly lower than that in the non-driver's license group (ND-Group) [217.93 ± 42.79 s vs. 271.24 ± 46.63 s, P < 0.001]. The average number of tires off track in the D-Group was lower than that in the ND-Group (0.13 ± 0.35 vs. 0.57 ± 0.63, P = 0.002). The baseline score of the D-Group on the robotic simulator was higher than that of the ND-Group (467.53 ± 107.62 vs. 385.53 ± 136.30, P = 0.022). In the Pick-and-Place-Clutching, Peg-Board-2, and Thread-the-Rings-1 tasks, the learning curve of the D-Group was steeper than that of the ND-Group. However, no significant difference was observed in the Match-Board-2 task. According to the lap time ranking, participants in the top tertile had a steeper learning curve than those in the bottom tertile, especially for the Pick-and-Place-Clutching and Peg-Board-2 tasks (P < 0.05). Significant differences were also found in the baseline and final stages of the Thread-the-Rings-1 task and in the initial stage of the Match-Board-2 task (P < 0.05). Students with a driver's license or better performance in racing games had more success in learning robotic surgery. Driving simulators may promote robotic surgery training.