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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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Thromboinflammatory challenges in stroke pathophysiology.

R D Szepanowski1,2, S Haupeltshofer1,2, S E Vonhof1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Seminars in Immunopathology
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ischemic stroke treatment remains a challenge. This review details the roles of immune cells and platelets in the thromboinflammatory cascade and discusses emerging therapies targeting this pathway.

Keywords:
Brain ischemiaNeuroinflammationPlateletStroke recoveryThromboinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide.
  • The complex thromboinflammatory cascade, involving thrombosis and neuroinflammation, underlies stroke pathology.
  • Current treatments for ischemic stroke are limited, highlighting an unmet medical need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cell-specific and time-dependent roles of immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, B cells) in stroke.
  • To examine the interaction between platelets and immune cells in the context of thromboinflammation.
  • To provide an overview of current clinical trials targeting thromboinflammation for stroke treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of cell-specific roles in stroke-induced thromboinflammation.
  • Analysis of platelet-immune cell crosstalk mechanisms.
  • Survey of ongoing clinical trials (Phase I-III) for thromboinflammation-targeted stroke therapies.

Main Results:

  • Immune cells like neutrophils and macrophages are key mediators of neuroinflammation post-stroke.
  • Platelets play a critical role through interactions with immune cells, affecting microvascular function and adhesion.
  • Several therapeutic strategies targeting thromboinflammation are in clinical development.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate thromboinflammatory cascade is crucial for developing effective stroke treatments.
  • Targeting specific immune cell-platelet interactions offers promising therapeutic avenues.
  • Ongoing clinical trials represent significant progress in translating research findings into patient care.