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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
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The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
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Metagenomic Analysis of Silage
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Genomic and

Xin-Dong Li1,2, Yi-Cen Lin1,2, Rui-Si Yang1,2

  • 1Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|June 5, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lacticaseibacillus chiayiensis AACE3, a novel lactic acid bacterium, demonstrates strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This strain shows potential for use in combating pathogen infections and for antioxidant production.

Keywords:
Lacticaseibacillus chiayiensisantimicrobial activityantioxidationcomparative genomicswhole-genome sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely utilized for their beneficial properties.
  • Lacticaseibacillus chiayiensis, a species established in 2018, has limited available resources and characterization.
  • Comprehensive evaluation of novel LAB strains is crucial for expanding their applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize Lacticaseibacillus chiayiensis AACE3, isolated from fermented blueberry.
  • To evaluate its genomic features and in vitro functional properties.
  • To assess its potential as a probiotic and for antioxidant production.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic analysis to identify genes related to stress resistance, adhesion, and biofilm formation.
  • In vitro assays to evaluate antibacterial activity against common pathogens.
  • Assessment of gastrointestinal fluid tolerance and antioxidant capacity.
  • Investigation of biofilm production and the source of antioxidant activity.

Main Results:

  • Genomic analysis revealed genes linked to environmental adaptation, stress tolerance, and adhesion.
  • L. chiayiensis AACE3 exhibited robust antibacterial activity against eight significant pathogens.
  • The strain demonstrated high survival rates in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and potent antioxidant capacity.
  • Extracellular metabolites and enzymes, rather than intact cells, were identified as the primary source of antioxidant activity.

Conclusions:

  • L. chiayiensis AACE3 possesses significant antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities.
  • Its ability to withstand gastrointestinal conditions suggests probiotic potential.
  • The strain's antioxidant properties, derived from extracellular factors, offer novel applications.
  • L. chiayiensis AACE3 is a promising candidate for developing functional foods and combating infections.