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Related Concept Videos

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress01:25

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress

194
In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure.
The Maximum Shearing Stress Criterion, also known as...
194
Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Defect Engineering of Graphene for Dynamic Reliability.

Boran Kumral1, Pedro Guerra Demingos2, Teng Cui1,3

  • 1Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Functionalizing graphene with controlled defects significantly enhances adhesion to polymer substrates. This improved interface prevents damage, enabling robust two-dimensional (2D) materials for flexible electronics.

Keywords:
2D materialsadhesiondefect engineeringinterfacesnanomechanics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • The interface between two-dimensional (2D) materials and soft polymeric substrates is critical for flexible device performance.
  • Weak van der Waals forces and elastic mismatch at these interfaces lead to slippage and damage under dynamic loading.
  • Current 2D material-polymer interfaces lack the robustness required for reliable flexible electronic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the adhesion between graphene and polymeric substrates through controlled defect engineering.
  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying adhesion improvement and its effect on interfacial integrity under dynamic stress.
  • To enable the development of dynamically reliable and robust 2D material-polymer contacts for advanced flexible devices.

Main Methods:

  • Graphene functionalization via mild and controlled defect engineering.
  • Experimental adhesion characterization using buckling-based metrology.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the role of defects in adhesion.
  • In situ cyclic loading experiments to assess interfacial fatigue and damage propagation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a fivefold increase in adhesion at the graphene-polymer interface through defect engineering.
  • Demonstrated that enhanced adhesion inhibits damage initiation and propagation within the graphene lattice under cyclic loading.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the contribution of individual defects to improved interfacial adhesion.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled defect engineering is an effective strategy to significantly enhance graphene-polymer interfacial adhesion.
  • Improved adhesion leads to superior fatigue resistance and prevents interfacial damage in 2D material-polymer systems.
  • This research provides a pathway for creating robust and dynamically reliable interfaces essential for next-generation 2D materials-based flexible devices.