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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

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This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
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Factors Affecting Workability01:24

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The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
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The workability of concrete is a crucial property that affects its handling, placing, and finishing during construction. It describes the ease with which concrete can be mixed, placed, compacted, and finished. Workability is primarily concerned with the concrete's movement and its ability to resist internal friction and external resistance from molds and reinforcements during the application process.
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Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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Design Example: Dimensioning of Concrete Masonry Construction01:13

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Workforce scheduling efficiency assessment in construction projects through a multi-objective optimization model in

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  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción, Chile.

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The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted construction workforce scheduling. Hiring extra staff proved more costly than paying overtime, highlighting the need for optimized scheduling models.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Construction Management
  • Operations Research
  • Industrial Engineering

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic imposed labor distancing constraints on the construction industry, disrupting normal operations.
  • Project managers face increased costs due to deviation hours and hiring new employees under pandemic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a mathematical model for workforce scheduling under COVID-19 constraints.
  • To quantify the financial impact of COVID-19 on construction projects, specifically concerning labor costs.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-objective mixed integer linear programming model was formulated.
  • Weighting and epsilon constraint methods were employed to solve the model.
  • Experiments included a design of experiments and a case study with a real company.

Main Results:

  • Hiring additional employees increased extra hours costs by up to 104.25%.
  • Maintaining a baseline workforce and incurring overtime costs was found to be more economical.
  • The study quantified the cost implications of COVID-19 constraints on workforce scheduling.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mathematical model can aid decision-making in the construction sector regarding COVID-19 related costs.
  • This research provides a proactive approach for the construction industry to manage pandemic-induced challenges.
  • Optimized workforce scheduling is crucial for mitigating financial impacts during health crises.