Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 27, 2025
08:43
Loss- and Gain-of-function Approach to Investigate Early Cell Fate Determinants in Preimplantation Mouse Embryos
Published on: June 6, 2016
8.9K
Summary
Loss of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) predicts breast cancer metastasis and poor survival. Restoring IRF5 inhibits tumor growth and spread by enhancing immune cell activity and altering protein synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Breast cancer remains a leading cause of death, necessitating identification of novel predictive factors for metastasis and survival.
- Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) function in mammary tumorigenesis is not well understood.
Approach:
- Utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas and mouse models for mammary tumorigenesis.
- Performed histologic, RNA-seq, and ChIP-seq analyses on Irf5-deficient and wild-type mammary epithelial cells.
- Investigated the impact of IRF5 re-expression in an invasive breast cancer model.
Key Points:
- Loss of IRF5 function predicts increased metastasis and decreased survival in breast cancer.
- IRF5 regulates genes involved in ribosomal biogenesis and protein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells.
- IRF5 deficiency leads to altered mammary gland structure and increased protein translation.
Conclusions:
- IRF5 plays a critical role in regulating mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis.
- Restoring IRF5 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by modulating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and protein synthesis.
- IRF5 is a potential therapeutic target for improving breast cancer outcomes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:12Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
4.9K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
4.9K
01:10Line Loss
276
The different configurations of source-load connections include wye (star) and delta connections. The relationship between line and phase voltages and currents varies depending on the configuration. When the source is supplying power, it is transmitted through the wires to the load, and during this transmission, some power is absorbed by the wires, leading to line loss.
Line loss impacts power delivery efficiency in a balanced three-phase circuit. The symmetry in such a circuit simplifies the...
Line loss impacts power delivery efficiency in a balanced three-phase circuit. The symmetry in such a circuit simplifies the...
276
01:25Minor Losses in Pipes
1.1K
In pipe systems, minor losses refer to energy losses arising from components such as valves, bends, fittings, expansions, and other features that disrupt the steady flow of fluid. These disturbances cause energy dissipation through turbulence and resistance, which engineers quantify to manage system efficiency effectively.
Valves play a significant role in generating minor losses by obstructing or redirecting the fluid flow. When a valve is closed or partially closed, it restricts the flow...
Valves play a significant role in generating minor losses by obstructing or redirecting the fluid flow. When a valve is closed or partially closed, it restricts the flow...
1.1K
01:02Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids
3.2K
Carboxylic acids, upon heating, undergo a decarboxylation reaction by releasing carbon dioxide gas. Monocarboxylic acids do not undergo decarboxylation easily. However, a silver salt of carboxylic acid reacts with bromine or iodine under high temperature to release carbon dioxide gas and forms halide with one less carbon. This reaction is called the Hunsdiecker reaction.
3.2K
01:28Major Losses in Pipes
1.2K
When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to...
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to...
1.2K
01:22Lossy Lines and Overvoltages
113
Transmission-line series resistance and shunt conductance cause three primary effects: attenuation, distortion, and power losses.
Attenuation
When constant series resistance and shunt conductance are present, voltage and current equations are modified. The propagation constant indicates that voltage and current waves consist of both forward and backward traveling components. These waves attenuate as they propagate, with the attenuation factor related to the resistance and conductance. In a...
Attenuation
When constant series resistance and shunt conductance are present, voltage and current equations are modified. The propagation constant indicates that voltage and current waves consist of both forward and backward traveling components. These waves attenuate as they propagate, with the attenuation factor related to the resistance and conductance. In a...
113