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Near-Surface-Defect Detection in Countersunk Head Riveted Joints Based on High-Frequency EMAT.

Shuchang Zhang1, Jiang Xu1, Xin Yang1

  • 1School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

High-frequency electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) effectively detect near-surface defects in countersunk head riveted joints (CHRJs). A linear correlation was found between defect depth and the reflection coefficient, enabling precise flaw assessment in aerospace and marine applications.

Keywords:
EMATcountersunk head riveted jointdefecthigh frequency

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Non-destructive Testing
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Countersunk head riveted joints (CHRJs) are critical components in aerospace and marine structures.
  • Stress concentrations in CHRJs can lead to near-surface defects requiring reliable inspection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect near-surface defects in CHRJs using high-frequency electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs).
  • To analyze the relationship between defect characteristics and ultrasonic wave propagation.
  • To establish a quantitative method for assessing defect depth.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrasonic wave propagation analysis using reflection and transmission theory.
  • Finite element simulation to study defect impact on ultrasonic energy distribution.
  • Experimental validation using 10-MHz EMATs on CHRJ samples with controlled defects.
  • Wavelet-threshold denoising for signal enhancement.

Main Results:

  • Simulation identified the second defect echo as a key indicator for detection.
  • A positive correlation between reflection coefficient and defect depth was simulated.
  • Experimental results confirmed a linearly positive correlation between reflection coefficient and defect depth.
  • High-frequency EMATs demonstrated efficacy in detecting near-surface defects.

Conclusions:

  • High-frequency EMATs provide a viable method for detecting near-surface defects in CHRJs.
  • The established correlation allows for quantitative assessment of defect depth.
  • This technique enhances the safety and integrity of critical riveted structures.