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Production and Characterization of k-Carrageenan Films Incorporating

Catarina Santos1,2, Ana Ramos2,3, Ângelo Luís1,3

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Biodegradable k-carrageenan films incorporating Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil show potent antioxidant and antibacterial properties. These novel films offer a sustainable alternative for food packaging, reducing plastic waste and protecting public health.

Keywords:
Cymbopogon winterianusantibacterial activityessential oilfilmsfood packagingk-carrageenan

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Food Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Global plastic waste poses significant environmental and health risks.
  • Biodegradable polymers are sought as sustainable alternatives to conventional packaging.
  • k-carrageenan films offer a promising base for incorporating active compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To produce and characterize k-carrageenan films with Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil.
  • To evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm properties of the developed films.
  • To assess the potential of these films as innovative food packaging materials.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil (rich in citronellal) into k-carrageenan films.
  • Antioxidant activity assessed via DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assays.
  • Antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes evaluated using inhibition zone and MIC tests.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) used to analyze biofilm disruption.
  • Quorum sensing inhibition measured by violacein production.
  • Film transparency and hydrophobicity determined by spectrophotometry and contact angle measurements.

Main Results:

  • Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil exhibited strong antioxidant (DPPH IC50 = 0.06 ± 0.01%) and antibacterial activity (L. monocytogenes inhibition zone = 31.67 ± 5.16 mm).
  • Incorporation into k-carrageenan films retained these properties and demonstrated significant biofilm reduction and inactivation.
  • The essential oil also showed quorum sensing inhibition potential (violacein inhibition zone = 10.93 ± 0.81 mm).
  • Developed films were transparent (>90%) and slightly hydrophobic (water contact angle > 90°).

Conclusions:

  • Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil-incorporated k-carrageenan films are viable bioactive materials.
  • These films possess significant antimicrobial and antioxidant functionalities for food packaging.
  • The study highlights a sustainable approach to reducing plastic pollution and enhancing food safety.