Production and Characterization of a Pullulan-Based Facial Mask Incorporating Grape Seed Flour Extract for...

This study aimed to develop and characterize an eco-friendly facial mask based on the pullulan biopolymer incorporating grape seed flour extract, a sustainable source of polyphenols. The extract was characterized by its phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial activity. High total phenolic and flavonoid contents, along with the presence of trans-resveratrol, conferred strong antioxidant activity. The extract effectively inhibited tyrosinase and elastase enzymes, indicating its anti-aging potential, and exhibited antimicrobial effects particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. The incorporation of the extract in pullulan films increased thickness and coloration while maintaining transparency and improving barrier properties. The bioactive films showed strong antioxidant activity and displayed selective antibacterial activity against S. aureus, including MRSA strains. A facial mask prototype was successfully produced, demonstrating flexibility, solubility, and potential for topical applications. Overall, the developed pullulan-grape seed extract films exhibit multifunctional cosmeceutical potential combining antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-aging effects with sustainable valorization of wine industry by-products.