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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
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Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

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Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
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Size-Exclusion Chromatography01:08

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

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In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
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Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
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Biological samples, such...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

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High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
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Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow
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Microfluidic paper and thread-based separations: Chromatography and electrophoresis.

Bahram Hemmateenejad1, Elmira Rafatmah1, Zahra Shojaeifard1

  • 1Chemistry Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|June 10, 2023
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Summary

Paper and thread microfluidic devices enable portable analysis. This review highlights advancements in miniaturized separation techniques like chromatography and electrophoresis for diverse applications.

Keywords:
ChromatographyElectrophoresisMicrofluidicPaperThread

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Paper and thread are cost-effective substrates for portable microfluidic analytical devices.
  • These materials offer unique platforms for miniaturized separation techniques crucial for point-of-care diagnostics and environmental monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in miniaturizing separation techniques using paper and thread-based microfluidic devices.
  • To discuss the integration of these platforms with various detection methods for enhanced analytical capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 2D and 3D paper/thread designs for electrophoresis and chromatography.
  • Exploration of signal amplification strategies like ion concentration polarization and stacking.
  • Analysis of methods for analyte preconcentration, purification, and desalination.

Main Results:

  • Paper and thread platforms facilitate diverse separation methods, including chromatography and electrophoresis.
  • Various designs and modifications enhance separation efficiency and analyte determination.
  • Successful integration with spectroscopy and electrochemistry enables sensitive detection.

Conclusions:

  • Paper and thread microfluidics represent a promising avenue for developing low-cost, portable analytical tools.
  • Continued innovation in materials, designs, and detection strategies will expand their application scope.
  • These platforms are well-suited for clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety analysis.