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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

204
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
204
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

127
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
127
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

33
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
33
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

15
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
15

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Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
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Circulating Biomarkers in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction.

Teja Chakrala1, Roshni Prakash1, Carlos Valdes1

  • 1Department of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL USA.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is often missed but linked to poor outcomes. This review explores blood biomarkers for diagnosing and managing CMD by examining inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction.

Keywords:
biomarkercirculating moleculescoronary microvascular dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is an underdiagnosed condition.
  • CMD is associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
  • Current diagnostic methods for CMD can be limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on circulating biomarkers for CMD.
  • To highlight biomarkers representing key pathophysiologic processes in CMD.
  • To inform clinicians on diagnostic and management strategies for CMD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of circulating biomarkers in CMD.
  • Analysis of biomarkers related to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and coagulation.
  • Synthesis of findings to represent key pathophysiologic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Identified key circulating biomarkers associated with CMD.
  • Highlighted the role of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction markers.
  • Summarized biomarkers reflecting oxidative stress and coagulation pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating biomarkers show promise for diagnosing and managing CMD.
  • Further research is needed to validate specific biomarkers for clinical use.
  • Biomarker panels may improve the understanding and treatment of CMD.