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Metabolomic Profiles, Ideal Cardiovascular Health, and Risk of Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From

Yi Li1, Ayana Gray2, Liying Xue3

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health Boston University Boston MA USA.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|June 10, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Metabolomic signatures are linked to ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) status. Specific metabolites partially mediate the association between CVH and the risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
  • Metabolomics and Pathobiology
  • Preventive Cardiology

Background:

  • The American Heart Association's ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) framework targets modifiable risk factors to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Metabolomics offers critical insights into the biological mechanisms underlying CVD risk factors and disease development.
  • Understanding the interplay between CVH metrics and metabolic profiles is crucial for CVD prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between metabolomic signatures and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) status.
  • To determine if specific metabolites mediate the relationship between a composite CVH score and the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 3056 adults from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) cohort, with metabolomics data available for 2059 participants.
  • Evaluation of the association between CVH score and incident AF and HF.
  • Mediation analysis to assess the role of metabolites in the link between CVH score and incident AF/HF.

Main Results:

  • The CVH score was associated with 144 metabolites, with 64 shared across key cardiometabolic components (BMI, blood pressure, fasting glucose).
  • Three metabolites (glycerol, cholesterol ester 16:1, phosphatidylcholine 32:1) mediated the association between CVH score and incident AF.
  • Seven metabolites mediated the association between CVH score and incident HF, involving pathways like amino acid metabolism, citric acid cycle, and glycerolipid metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • A significant portion of metabolites associated with CVH status are shared among major cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • Metabolites play a partial mediating role in the relationship between ideal CVH and the development of AF and HF.
  • Metabolomics provides valuable insights into the biological pathways through which maintaining ideal cardiovascular health protects against AF and HF.

Keywords:
CVH scoreatrial fibrillationheart failuremediation analysismetabolomics

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