Feline sperm head morphometry in relation to male pedigree and fertility

Computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis is an advanced tool which allows to precise measure sperm head parameters like length, width, area, and perimeter. On the basis of these and calculated parameters, morphometric subpopulations of spermatozoa can be distinguished. In many species, the distribution of subpopulation within the ejaculate is related to male fertility. There is no information about such a relation for domestic cats; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether spermatozoa from non-pedigree and purebred domestic cats differ in morphometric parameters. The second aim was to check if there is a relationship between sperm morphometry and fertility. Urethral semen was collected from 27 tomcats, divided into three study groups: non-pedigree cats of unknown fertility, purebred infertile cats and purebred fertile cats. The morphometric assessment was performed by CASMA, followed by principal component analysis and clustering. The results revealed huge intra- and inter-individual variation in sperm head morphometric parameters and three sperm-head morphometric subpopulations were identified in feline semen. Neither mean values of morphometric parameters nor the distribution of spermatozoa between morphometric subpopulations differ between non-pedigree cats of unknown fertility and purebred infertile and fertile cats. We hypothesize that other factors, especially abnormalities of the midpiece and tail, and overall worse quality of the semen of infertile males could have masked the effect of subtle changes in the sperm head morphometry.