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Fabrication Strategies for Engineered Thin Membranous Tissues.
Shannon McLoughlin1,2, Abigail Ruth McKenna2,3, John P Fisher1,2
1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|June 14, 2023
Summary
Tissue engineering aims to create thin membranous tissues (TMTs) for repair. This review examines fabrication strategies, focusing on biomimicry and anatomical complexity for better tissue replacement.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Thin membranous tissues (TMTs), crucial for functions like hearing and sight, are <100 μm thick and composed of multiple cell layers.
- Damage to TMTs from trauma or congenital issues leads to significant health problems, including hearing loss, blindness, and impaired healing.
- Current autologous and allogeneic tissue sources for TMTs are limited by availability and potential patient complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing tissue engineering strategies for fabricating biomimetic thin membranous tissues (TMTs).
- To analyze fabrication techniques based on their resolution, material capabilities, and cell/tissue response.
- To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of various TMT fabrication methods for clinical application.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of current literature on thin membranous tissue (TMT) fabrication techniques.
- Analysis of fabrication strategies focusing on microscale architecture, resolution, and material properties.
- Evaluation of cell and tissue responses to engineered TMTs and comparison of technique efficacy.
Main Results:
- Existing TMT fabrication methods face challenges in balancing fine resolution with the mimicry of complex tissue anatomy.
- Different techniques offer varying capabilities in terms of resolution, material choices, and biomimetic potential.
- Cell and tissue responses are critical indicators of engineered TMT success, highlighting the need for optimized biomaterials and fabrication processes.
Conclusions:
- Replicating the complex microscale architecture of TMTs remains a significant challenge in tissue engineering.
- A critical need exists for fabrication strategies that achieve high resolution while accurately mimicking target tissue anatomy.
- Further research into advanced fabrication techniques is essential for developing effective biomimetic TMT replacements.
