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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
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Extracellular Matrix01:26

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Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
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Engineering Three-dimensional Epithelial Tissues Embedded within Extracellular Matrix
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Tissue Morphogenesis Through Dynamic Cell and Matrix Interactions.

Di Wu1, Kenneth M Yamada2, Shaohe Wang1

  • 1Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA;

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
|June 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adhesion molecules and extracellular matrices guide tissue development by mediating cell interactions. Physical forces and biochemical signals drive tissue morphogenesis, shaping diverse tissue structures.

Keywords:
basement membranecadherincell adhesionextracellular matrixintegrininterfacial tension

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Multicellular organisms form tissues through cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions mediated by adhesion molecules.
  • These interactions are vital for tissue integrity and regulate tissue morphogenesis.
  • Cells sense and respond to environmental cues, influencing their behavior and matrix properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of matrix and adhesion molecules in tissue morphogenesis.
  • To emphasize the physical interactions driving tissue development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involved in cell environmental sensing.
  • Examination of physical forces in tissue remodeling.

Main Results:

  • Adhesion molecules are central regulators of tissue morphogenesis.
  • Cellular decisions on division, differentiation, migration, and survival are influenced by environmental sensing.
  • Tissue morphology results from the dynamic remodeling of cells and matrices.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between adhesion molecules, extracellular matrices, and physical forces is key to tissue morphogenesis.
  • Physical interactions are critical drivers of tissue shape and function development.