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A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds
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Adaptive and blind audio watermarking algorithm based on dither modulation and butterfly optimization algorithm.

Qiuling Wu1, Dandan Huang1, Jiangchun Wei2

  • 1School of Cyber Security, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211169, China.

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering : MBE
|June 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an adaptive audio watermarking algorithm using dither modulation and butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA). It enhances robustness and allows adaptive parameter matching for optimal performance in diverse applications.

Keywords:
audio watermarkingbutterfly optimization algorithmdither modulationoptimal parameterrobustness

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Area of Science:

  • Digital signal processing
  • Information security
  • Optimization algorithms

Background:

  • Improving robustness and adaptively matching parameters are key challenges in audio watermarking.
  • Existing methods often struggle with diverse application requirements and robust attack resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an adaptive and blind audio watermarking algorithm.
  • To enhance robustness against various attacks.
  • To enable adaptive optimization of algorithm parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing dither modulation and a butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA).
  • Designing a stable feature based on convolution for watermark embedding.
  • Employing BOA for optimizing key parameters by coding populations and constructing fitness functions.
  • Implementing blind watermark extraction without the original audio.

Main Results:

  • The proposed algorithm demonstrates adaptive searching for optimal key parameters.
  • It achieves strong robustness against signal processing and synchronization attacks.
  • Blind extraction is successfully implemented.

Conclusions:

  • The adaptive audio watermarking algorithm effectively balances robustness and performance requirements.
  • BOA integration allows for tailored parameter optimization for specific applications.
  • The method offers a significant improvement over existing audio watermarking techniques.