Impact of Coffee Consumption on Cardiovascular Health

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Nutritional Science
• Public Health

Background:

• Coffee is a globally consumed beverage with significant cultural presence.
• Emerging research necessitates a review of coffee's impact on cardiovascular health.
• Understanding these associations is crucial for public health recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent clinical findings on coffee consumption and cardiovascular disease.
• To synthesize evidence regarding coffee's effects on hypertension, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and coronary heart disease.
• To investigate the influence of coffee preparation methods on cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Methods:

• A narrative review of scientific literature published between 2000 and 2021.
• Analysis of studies examining the association between coffee intake and various cardiovascular outcomes.
• Evaluation of research differentiating between filtered and unfiltered coffee preparations.

Main Results:

• Regular coffee consumption is linked to reduced risk of hypertension, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
• The relationship between coffee and coronary heart disease risk is inconsistent, often showing a J-shaped curve.
• Boiled/unfiltered coffee is more atherogenic due to diterpenes affecting lipid metabolism, while filtered coffee shows antiatherogenic properties.

Conclusions:

• Moderate coffee intake is associated with decreased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
• Coffee consumption may lower risks for hypertension, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
• The preparation method significantly impacts cholesterol levels, with filtered coffee being more beneficial.