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The Brachiocephalic Trunk Variant Origin and High-Riding Course: Two Cadaveric Cases
George Tsakotos1, Theano Demesticha2, Vasilios Karampelias2
1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. gtsakotos@gmail.com.
Acta Medica Academica
|June 16, 2023
Summary
Rare anatomical variations of the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) were found in cadavers. A left-sided BCT with a high-riding course presented unique challenges for surgical procedures.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Vascular Anatomy
- Surgical Anatomy
Background:
- The brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) is a major artery originating from the aortic arch.
- Anatomical variations in the BCT can have significant clinical implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report two rare cadaveric findings of a left-sided brachiocephalic trunk (BCT).
- To describe the high-riding course of the BCT relative to the trachea and suprasternal notch.
Main Methods:
- Dissection of two elderly body donors.
- Identification and description of the anomalous left-sided BCT and its anatomical course.
- Assessment of associated tracheal displacement and stenosis.
Main Results:
- A left-sided BCT was identified with a high-riding course (0.5 and 0.8 cm above the suprasternal notch).
- The BCT originated from the aortic arch, crossing anterior to the trachea.
- Tracheal displacement to the right and stenosis due to chronic compression were observed in both cases.
Conclusions:
- A high-riding BCT poses significant clinical importance and potential surgical risks.
- Complications may arise during tracheotomy, thyroid surgery, and mediastinoscopy.
- BCT injury during neck dissection can lead to massive bleeding.
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