Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
Published on: July 24, 2015
Gate-Tunable Phonon Magnetic Moment in Bilayer Graphene
Xiao-Wei Zhang1, Yafei Ren1, Chong Wang1
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Abstract:
We develop a first-principles quantum scheme to calculate the phonon magnetic moment in solids. As a showcase example, we apply our method to study gated bilayer graphene, a material with strong covalent bonds. According to the classical theory based on the Born effective charge, the phonon magnetic moment in this system should vanish, yet our quantum mechanical calculations find significant phonon magnetic moments. Furthermore, the magnetic moment is highly tunable by changing the gate voltage. Our results firmly establish the necessity of the quantum mechanical treatment, and identify small-gap covalent materials as a promising platform for studying tunable phonon magnetic moment.
Related Concept Videos
Paramagnetism
Magnetic Moment of an Electron
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment
Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object
The vector...
Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

