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Floquet Gauge Anomaly Inflow and Arbitrary Fractional Charge in Periodically Driven Topological-Normal Insulator

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We propose a new Floquet gauge anomaly inflow mechanism in driven topological systems, leading to fractional charges. This finding opens new avenues for exploring anomalies in condensed matter and photonics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Topological Insulators
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Topological zero modes typically cause anomalous currents and zero-mode anomaly inflow.
  • This inflow is usually conserved by bulk contributions in static systems.
  • The anomaly inflow mechanism in periodically driven systems (Floquet states) is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate a Floquet gauge anomaly inflow in driven topological systems.
  • To explore the association of this anomaly with fractional charges.
  • To experimentally validate the phenomenon in a photonic system.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a driven topological-normal insulator heterostructure.
  • Photonic modeling and experimental observation.
  • Analysis of anomalous topological phases and fractional charge occurrence.

Main Results:

  • Observed a novel Floquet gauge anomaly in a driven photonic system.
  • Demonstrated the occurrence of arbitrary fractional charge linked to the anomaly.
  • Confirmed the system entering anomalous topological phases.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully proposes and demonstrates a Floquet gauge anomaly inflow.
  • Findings suggest a new mechanism for generating fractional charges in driven systems.
  • This work opens novel research directions in Floquet gauge anomalies across various fields.